| 张晓东,龚惠平.俄罗斯科技投入与创新发展[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2012,27(10):37~47 |
| 俄罗斯科技投入与创新发展 |
| Review on Russian government’s science and technology investment and its innovation development |
| 投稿时间：2012-08-10 修订日期：2012-08-10 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2012.10.006 |
| 中文关键词: 俄罗斯；资源经济；创新型经济；科技投入；科学城；“高技术岛”模式 |
| 英文关键词: Russia；resource-based economy；innovation-based economy；science and technology investment；science city；high-tech island model |
| 基金项目: |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 张晓东 | 哈尔滨工业大学黑龙江中俄科技合作及产业化中心 | | 龚惠平 | 中国科学技术部 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 俄罗斯支持和管理科技创新的主要手段是提供财政投入、技术研发的专项资助和税收优惠等措
施。近几年来，俄罗斯改革了政府科技投入的分配方式：一是将政府投入集中于优先领域从事关键技术
研发的科研单位；二是建立研发项目申报招投标机制，提高政府科技投入透明度和竞争性。但由于长期
以来俄罗斯的科技研发与生产企业脱节，研发单位与企业缺乏联系，再加上多年来形成的资源型经济巨大
惯性，使得俄罗斯生产企业，特别是大型国有企业对创新充满惰性。俄罗斯从资源经济向创新型经济转轨
还有很长的路要走，其国家创新体系还需要相当长时间的调整。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Russian government has taken some measures including tax incentives and special funding for
technology R&D to support and manage its national innovation of science and technology. In recent years, the
allocation mode of scientific research funds by the government has changed in such rules: one is to support
the priority and research institutes undertaking the key technology R&D, the other is to introduce the bidding
principle in project review and approval to ensure the transparency and competition of the government’s funds.
However, the long-time disconnecting between technology R&D and enterprises in Russia, along with the huge
inertia of resource-based economy for a long time, make its manufacturing enterprises, especially the big state-
owned enterprises, show a great indolence to innovation. There is a long way to go for Russia to transfer its former
resource-based economy to an innovation-based one, and the establishment of its innovation system also needs a
period of time. |
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