| 刘润生,姜桂兴.美国国家科学基金会科研资助与管理动向研究[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2018,(7):33~41 |
| 美国国家科学基金会科研资助与管理动向研究 |
| A Study on Research Funding and Management Trends of the National Science Foundation of the United States |
| 投稿时间：2018-04-10 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2018.07.006 |
| 中文关键词: 美国；国家科学基金会；资助机制；科研管理 |
| 英文关键词: US; National Science Foundation; funding mechanism; research management |
| 基金项目:科技创新战略研究专项项目“主要国家科技创新战略及政策跟踪研究”（ZLY201707）；北京市科技计划课题“新形势下北京市自然科学基金发展战略和管理创新研究 ”（Z161100002816057）资助。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 作为美国联邦最重要、最具代表性的科学研究资助机构，美国国家科学基金会对美国科研事业的蓬勃发展发挥着至关重要的作用。随着美国科学事业发展环境的变化及新问题、新需求的出现，美国国家科学基金会不断调整科研资助和管理机制，努力提高科研管理水平。本文分析介绍了美国国家科学基金会最新的科研管理动向，包括主要职责和组织结构、经费来源和执行结构、分配方式和资助领域以及科研战略新蓝图，并总结凝练了其近年来的重要科研管理趋势，以期为我国科学基金的运行与管理提供借鉴。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As the most important and representative research funding agency in the United States, the National Science Foundation (NSF) plays a vital role in the flourishing US scientific research enterprise. With the changes in the research environment in the United States and the advent of new problems and demands, the NSF has constantly adjusted its funding and management mechanism to improve its research management level. This paper introduces and analyzes its latest research management developments, including its main responsibilities and organizational structure, funding sources and implementation structure, fund allocation methods and funding fields, as well as the new blueprint of scientific research strategy. It also summarizes several major trends of its scientific research management in recent years, hoping to provide reference for the operation and management of Chinese science foundation. |
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