| 李 芳,江菲菲,刘鑫怡,覃雪梅.自动驾驶汽车的伦理、法律与社会影响研究[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2021,36(7):53~60 |
| 自动驾驶汽车的伦理、法律与社会影响研究 |
| Research on the Ethical, Legal and Social Impacts of Automated Vehicles |
| 投稿时间：2021-04-23 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2021.07.009 |
| 中文关键词: 自动驾驶汽车；伦理问题；法律责任；社会影响 |
| 英文关键词: autonomous vehicles; ethical problems; legal liability; social implications |
| 基金项目:中国科学技术信息研究所创新研究基金面上项目“自动驾驶汽车领域人工智能伦理风险研究”（MS2020-04）；科技专项“国家新一代人工智能发展规划组织实施重大问题研究及支撑体系建设”。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 自动驾驶技术是交通运输界最重要的前沿技术之一，是具有变革性意义的智能技术，能够显著提高行车的安全性、舒适度和效率。然而，自动驾驶汽车引发的多起事故引起了社会舆论的高度关注。从伦理影响来看，自动驾驶汽车已经改变了人类驾驶员对汽车的控制关系；自动驾驶系统决策依赖数据的特性也进一步引发了自动驾驶使用者与数据控制者之间数据控制权利的争议；自动驾驶功能带来的汽车使用里程的增加，还可能给能源供应和碳减排带来压力。从当前的自动驾驶交通事故处理来看，自动驾驶汽车的应用还可能导致刑事责任和民事责任分配的困难或争议，并且对个人隐私保护也带来新的挑战。从社会管理来看，自动驾驶汽车对新基建的要求还可能引发交通管理体制的转变需求，并且社会也亟需适当的就业解决方案。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Automated driving technology is one of the most important cutting-edge developments in the transportation industry, and is a transformative intelligent technology that can significantly improve the safety, comfort and efficiency of driving. However, a number of accidents caused by automated vehicles have raised a great deal of public concern. In terms of ethical implications, automated vehicles have changed the relationship between human drivers’ control over cars, and the data-dependent nature of automated driving system decisions has further triggered disputes over data control rights between automated driving users and data controllers. The increased mileage of cars brought about by automated driving functions may also put pressure on energy supply and carbon emission reduction. The current handling condition of automated driving traffic accident shows the application of automated vehicles may also lead to difficulties or controversies in the allocation of criminal liabilities and civil liabilities, and bring new challenges to personal privacy protection. In terms of social management, the new infrastructure requirements of automated vehicles may also trigger the need to transform the traffic management system, and there is an urgent need for appropriate employment solutions. |
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