文章摘要
潘聪* ** ***,方灶军** ***,张群莉*,孙晨阳* ** ***,戴伊宁** ***.基于3D视觉的机械臂抓取控制方法[J].高技术通讯(中文),2023,33(12):1313~1322
基于3D视觉的机械臂抓取控制方法
Robotic arm grabbing control method based on 3D vision
  
DOI:10. 3772 / j. issn. 1002-0470. 2023. 12. 009
中文关键词: 3D视觉; 机械臂抓取; 点云处理; 位姿估计; 定位精度
英文关键词: 3D vision, robot grabbing, point cloud processing, pose estimation, positioning accuracy
基金项目:
作者单位
潘聪* ** *** (*浙江工业大学机械工程学院杭州 310014) (**中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所宁波 315201) (***浙江省机器人与智能制造装备技术重点实验室宁波 315201) 
方灶军** ***  
张群莉*  
孙晨阳* ** ***  
戴伊宁** ***  
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中文摘要:
      针对传统2D视觉下机械臂无法抓取具有3D位姿物体的问题,提出了基于3D视觉的机械臂抓取控制方法。该方法首先通过差分和滤波的方式去除噪点,并提出了一种加权下采样的方法简化点云。通过欧式距离和法线夹角变化率的结合,提出了一种点云二次分割方法。物体的定位方式采用基于主成分分析法(PCA)的粗配准算法和基于迭代最近点算法(ICP)的精配准算法,然后将所得到的目标物体位姿发送给机械臂进行抓取。在达明协作机器人上的实验表明,该方法能够有效抓取具有3D位姿的物体,与已有的方法相比,在精度和处理时间上有了较大的提升。
英文摘要:
      Robotic arms under traditional 2D vision cannot grasp objects with 3D pose. Aiming at the problem, this paper proposes a robotic grasping control method based on 3D vision. The noise is removed by difference and filtering at first,and a weighted down sampling method is proposed to simplify the point cloud in this work. By using the combination of Euclidean distance and normal angle change rate, a secondary segmentation method of point cloud is proposed. The positioning method of the object adopts the coarse registration algorithm based on the principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm and the fine registration algorithm based on the iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm, and then sends the obtained pose of the target object to the robotic arm for grasping. Experiments on TM collaborative robot show that the proposed method can grasp objects with 3D poses effectively. Compared with the existing methods, the accuracy and processing time of the proposed method are greatly improved.
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