| 王磊* ** ***,吴高阳*,余浪****,李云驹****,钟军伟* ** ***,何洪鸣***** ******,陈忠* ** ***.云南巍山锑尾矿重金属元素浸出特征研究[J].高技术通讯(中文),2025,35(9):1016~1023 |
| 云南巍山锑尾矿重金属元素浸出特征研究 |
| Research on the leaching characteristics of heavy metals in antimony tailings in Weishan, Yunnan |
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| DOI：10. 3772 / j. issn. 1002-0470. 2025. 09. 010 |
| 中文关键词: 锑尾矿； 重金属； 浸出毒性； 合成沉淀浸出实验(SPLP)法； 毒性特征浸出实验(TCLP)法； 定pH值序批式实验 |
| 英文关键词: antimony tailings, heavy metals, leaching toxicity, synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP), toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), pH-sequencing batch experiment |
| 基金项目: |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 王磊* ** *** | （*昆明理工大学国土资源与工程学院昆明 650600）
（**高原山地地质灾害预报预警与生态保护修复重点实验室（自然资源部）昆明 650093）
（*** 云南省高原山地地质灾害预报预警与生态保护修复重点实验室（自然资源部）昆明 650093）
（**** 国家磷资源开发利用工程技术研究中心昆明 650600）
（***** 华东师范大学地理科学学院上海 200241）
（****** 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所杨凌 712100） | | 吴高阳* | | | 余浪**** | | | 李云驹**** | | | 钟军伟* ** *** | | | 何洪鸣***** ****** | | | 陈忠* ** *** | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 我国是全球最大的锑生产国，锑带来的生态风险不容忽视。以云南巍山某锑尾矿为研究对象，测试了其重金属含量，采用合成沉淀浸出实验(synthetic precipitation leaching procedure，SPLP)和毒性特征浸出实验(toxicity characteristic leaching procedure，TCLP)毒性浸出方法对尾矿进行了浸出实验，通过定目标酸碱度(pH)值序批式实验探讨了pH对尾矿锑的浸出浓度的影响。结果显示，尾矿中重金属锑(Sb)、砷(As)、镉(Cd)含量超标，Sb超出世界卫生组织对土壤锑最大允许浓度（36mg·kg-1）的13倍，As超出《土壤环境质量标准》限值（25mg·kg-1）约14倍，Cd超出约9倍。两种毒性浸出方法（SPLP和TCLP）显示只有Sb的浸出超标，其他重金属均不超标；SPLP法的浸出浓度均高于TCLP法，表明SPLP法更适合Sb的浸出，与已有研究结果一致。Sb的浸出浓度超出工业污染物排放标准限制，但风险程度不高。As的2种方法浸出浓度都远低于5mg·L-1 的限值。定目标pH值序批式实验结果显示，pH对尾矿中Sb的浸出影响显著，呈V字型模式，在pH＜1.3和pH＞11.5时，浸出浓度开始明显升高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| China is the world’s largest producer of antimony, and the ecological risks it brings cannot be ignored. Taking a certain antimony tailings in Weishan, Yunnan as the research object, the heavy metal content is tested, and the toxicity leaching method of synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP) and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) is used to conduct leaching experiments on the tailings. The pH-sequencing batch experiment is conducted to explore the influence of pH on the leaching concentration of antimony in tailings. The experimental results show that the tailings contain excessive amounts of heavy metals Sb, As, and Cd, with Sb being 13 times higher than the maximum allowable concentration of soil antimony in the World Health Organization (36mg·kg-1), As being about 14 times higher than the limit value in the Soil Environmental Quality Standards (25mg·kg-1), and Cd being about 9 times higher. The two toxicity leaching methods (SPLP and TCLP) show that only Sb leaching exceeds the standard, while other heavy metals do not exceed the standard. The SPLP leaching concentration is higher than that of TCLP, indicating that SPLP is more suitable for Sb leaching, consistent with previous results. The leaching concentration of Sb exceeds the industrial pollutant discharge standard limit, but the risk level is not high. The leaching concentration of As in both methods is far below the limit value of 5mg·L-1. The results of the pH-sequencing batch experiment show that the pH of the tailings has a significant impact on the leaching of antimony, with a V-shaped pattern. The leaching concentration of Sb begins to increase significantly at pH＜1.3 and pH＞11.5. |
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