张于喆.美国促进自主创新的特点和基本经验[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2014,29(5):26~31,68 |
美国促进自主创新的特点和基本经验 |
Characteristics of the United States to PromoteIndependent Innovation and Its Experience |
投稿时间:2014-03-08 修订日期:2014-03-08 |
DOI:10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2014.05.005 |
中文关键词: 美国;自主创新;创新环境 |
英文关键词: The United States;independent innovation;innovation environment |
基金项目:国家发改委宏观院基本科研业务费专项课题(2014 年度) |
作者 | 单位 | 张于喆 | 国家发展和改革委员会产业发展研究所 |
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中文摘要: |
虽然各国国情和科技发展水平存在着种种差异,推动创新的发展模式也不尽相同,但是,美国在促进自主创新方面积累了大量的经验和实践,并取得了一系列良好成效,值得我们学习借鉴。美国自主创新的特点和基本经验,主要体现在:突出科技的战略地位,私营部门是自主创新的主体,不断加强产学研等创新行为主体间的联系与合作,政府在促进自主创新过程中发挥重要作用,注重创新环境的构建等。美国的繁荣永远不会依靠低工资或低价格,而是依靠开发新产品和生成新行业,在科学发展和技术创新中充当世界引擎。 |
英文摘要: |
Different countries have different patterns to promote the innovation due to different national situation and different level of science and technology development. The United States has accumulated plenty of experiences and practices, and obtained a series of good results in promoting its independent innovation. The
paper highlights characteristics of the United States to promote independent innovation as follows: emphasizing the strategic position of science and technology, the private sector is the main body of independent innovation, constantly strengthening the relationship between innovators including industries, universities and research institutes, the government plays an important role in the process of promoting independent innovation, paying attention to the construction of innovation environment, etc. |
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