| 聂建刚.欧洲研究和技术组织发展方兴未艾[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2014,29(8):7~14 |
| 欧洲研究和技术组织发展方兴未艾 |
| European Research and Technology OrganizationIs in the Ascendant |
| 修订日期：2014-04-29 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2014.08.002 |
| 中文关键词: 欧盟；研究和技术组织；机构支撑 |
| 英文关键词: European Union；research and technology organization (RTO)；institutional support |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2922 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 欧盟及其成员国掌握大量的科学研究资金、机构和知识储备。为有效统筹科研创新资源和能力，优化研究政策战略和重点领域，促进欧洲研究机构体系的健康发展，欧盟提出了建立“欧洲研究区（ERA）”的战略设想。20 世纪第二次工业革命出现的欧洲研究和技术组织（RTO）是欧洲研究区建设的有力支撑。经过 80 多年的发展，欧洲的 RTO 逐步凭借目标公益性、功能独特性、管理独立性和中立性等特点，发展壮大，成为欧洲科研创新体系中的重要组成部分，向政府、企业和其他组织提供了广泛的研究开发和技术创新服务。“欧洲研究区”在全面统筹优先领域、建设和共享高端研究基础设施以及向全球开放等战略性设想，通过 RTO 体系得以全面阐释和实施，对我国未来科研体制改革和发展有积极的借鉴作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The EU and its member states are collectively rich in funding, organizations, and expertise in scientific research. A strategic proposal on establishing a “European Research Area (ERA)” was born to effectively coordinate the resources and capacity of R&D, to optimize the research strategies and priorities, and to promote the healthy and sustainable development of the European research organizations systems. The European research and technology organizations (RTO) emerging in wake of the Second Industrial Revolution in the last century will be a robust pillar of the ERA. Over the past 80 years, the RTOs have been well developed and become an indispensable component of the European research and innovation system. Characterized with their non-for-profit goals, unique functions, independent management and neutrality, the RTOs provide full-span services in research, development and technological innovations to governmental agencies, enterprises and other research institutions. The ERA has implemented the strategy of coordinating priorities, establishing and sharing high-end research infrastructure and opening to the world through RTOs, which is worthwhile to be shared by China for its scientific research system reform. |
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