| 赵俊杰,杨 静,朱梦卓,袁 珩,王晓菲.从国际评价看中美科技创新力量对比[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2019,34(4):54~63 |
| 从国际评价看中美科技创新力量对比 |
| Forces between China and the United States on the Bases of International Evaluations |
| 投稿时间：2019-03-25 修订日期：2019-03-25 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2019.04.009 |
| 中文关键词: 科技创新力量；科研机构；创新企业；创新型大学；高被引科学家 |
| 英文关键词: scientific and technological innovation forces; scientific research institutions; innovative enterprises; innovative universities; highly cited researchers |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 近年来，中国科技水平和整体创新能力的不断提升引起国内外广泛关注，关于中国与美国科技创新水平的对比研究也日益增多，但大多主要从科技经费投入和产出（主要是论文和专利）方面来进行。本文从科技创新的主体，包括科研机构、创新型大学、企业以及科学家几个方面，利用国际上客观的评价对中美两国科技创新力量进行对比。结果显示，近年来中国在国际评价中的表现越来越好，有些科研机构和企业已经进入顶尖行列，但整体上与美国尚存在较大差距。因此，我们一方面要挖掘现有创新力量的潜力，释放其创新活力；另一方面要加大科技创新力量的培育，特别是引导和促进企业设立研发机构，使企业成为真正的创新主体。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In recent years, China's scientific and technological achievements and the improvement of innovation ability have attracted extensive attention at home and abroad. There are more and more comparative studies between China and the United States, but they are mainly from the aspects of input and output. This paper
compares the scientific and technological innovation forces of China and the United States from the aspects of
scientific research institutions, innovative universities, enterprises and scientists on the basis of international evaluations. The results show that China's performance in the relevant international evaluations is getting better
and better in recent years, and some scientific research institutions and enterprises have entered the top ranks, but
China is still far behind the United States on the whole. Therefore, on the one hand, we should tap the potential of existing innovative forces and release their innovation vitality; on the other hand, it is necessary to strengthen the
cultivation of scientific and technological innovation forces, especially to guide and promote enterprises to set up
research and development institutions, so that they can become real main body of innovation. |
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