| 马 虹,张红伟.美国联邦政府科学诚信评估对中国的启示[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2024,(4):30~37 |
| 美国联邦政府科学诚信评估对中国的启示 |
| Assessment of Scientific Integrity of U.S. Federal Agency and Its Enlightenment to China |
| 投稿时间：2023-12-25 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2024.04.004 |
| 中文关键词: 科学诚信；科研诚信；科研不端；联邦政府机构；循证决策；评估 |
| 英文关键词: scientific integrity; research integrity; research misconduct; Federal agency; evidence-based policymaking; assessment |
| 基金项目:2022 年教育部产学合作协同育人项目“新晋导师科研诚信培训课程建设项目”（220605469082732）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 美国联邦政府高度重视科学诚信，2021 年美国国家科学技术委员会（NSTC）成立跨部门
工作组，对联邦政府机构科学诚信政策和实践开展评估，评估结论是联邦政府机构的科学诚信政策
和实践总体上健全有效，但科学仍然受到政治等其他因素的干预，这妨碍了联邦政府制定科学政策，
也削弱了公众对科学的信任。基于此次评估，概括总结了美国科学诚信评估的背景及概况，评估发现
的主要问题及结论，开展“每两年一次”的常态化评估工作机制，介绍了科学诚信类型及定义，评估范
围和主要内容，评估指标和方式方法等。最后，有针对性地提出了推动中国科研诚信治理的启示与建议。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The U.S. Federal Government attaches great importance to scientific integrity. In 2021, the National
Science and Technology Council (NSTC) established a inter-agency Scientific Integrity Task Force to conduct
a thorough review of the effectiveness of Federal departments and agencies for scientific integrity policies and
practices. The review concludes that while Federal science is fundamentally sound, it remains subject to political and
other forms of interference that can undermine Federal decision-making and erode public trust in science. Base on the
review, this paper summarizes the background and overview, the main problems and conclusions for Federal agencies
implementation and improvement of scientific integrity policies and practices, the mechanism of biennial assessment,
and introduces the definition of scientific integrity, the scope and main content, and the critical metrics for regular
assessment. Finally, it puts forward some suggestions on strengthening the governance of research integrity. |
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