| 夏 方,肖先锋.美国量子信息科学的政策与挑战[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2024,39(8):1~7 |
| 美国量子信息科学的政策与挑战 |
| Policies and Challenges of Quantum Information Science inUnited States |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-07 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 美国；量子信息科学；国家量子法案；量子研究中心 |
| 英文关键词: the United States; quantum information science; National Quantum Initiative Act; quantum research centers |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 264 |
| 全文下载次数: 307 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 量子信息科学在提高计算能力和安全通信、推动科学发现等方面具有巨大应用潜力。为促
进美国量子信息科学领域的发展，美国政府通过行政部门统筹战略规划，以及立法部门出台政策法
案，在加大研发投入、促进人才培养、构建创新生态和开展国际合作等方面出台了一系列激励政策
措施，但在政策执行中仍面临资金投入未达预期，研究设施不能充分满足科研需求，移民人才政策
未与时俱进，缺乏自主供应链、短期实际应用有待加强，研究人员行政负担较重等方面的问题和挑战。
从加大政策与资金支持、优化量子信息技术创新生态、加快量子信息科学技术攻关、加强人才自主
培育等方面，为中国量子信息科学发展提出政策建议。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Quantum information science (QIS) has great potentials in improving computing capability, secure
communication, and promoting scientific discovery. To promote the development of QIS in the United States,
the government coordinates strategic planning through administrative department and introduces policy acts
through national legislature. A series of incentive policies and measures in increasing research and development
investment, promoting talent cultivation, building an innovation ecosystem, and carrying out international
cooperation have been introduced. However, there are still problems and challenges in QIS policy implementation,
such as inadequate funding, limited research facilities, outdated immigration policies, unstable supply chains,
inadequate near-term applications, and heavy administrative burdens on researchers. From the perspectives of
enhancing policy and financial support, optimizing the innovative ecology of quantum information technology,
accelerating scientific and technological breakthroughs in quantum information science and technology, and
strengthening the cultivation of talents, this paper puts forward policy recommendations for the development of
quantum information science in China. |
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