| 周 明,龙志航,薛梦凡,邓百川,梁琴琴,郑 佳,孟 浩.退役锂离子电池回收利用的国际经验与启示[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2026,41(3):11~21 |
| 退役锂离子电池回收利用的国际经验与启示 |
| Experiences and Insights on the Recycling of SpentLithium-Ion Batteries |
| 投稿时间：2025-12-31 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2026.03.002 |
| 中文关键词: 退役锂离子电池；回收利用；资源循环；可持续发展 |
| 英文关键词: Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries; Recycling; Resource Circulation; Sustainable Developmen |
| 基金项目:中国科学技术信息研究所重点工作项目“企业创新重点问题研究及决策支持平台建设”（ZD2026-04）；青海科技计划项目“青海省重点产业创新体系建设路径和政策支撑研究——清洁能源产业、特色有色冶金与新材料产业和生物技术产业”（2024-GZ-606）。 |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 周 明 | | | 龙志航 | | | 薛梦凡 | | | 邓百川 | | | 梁琴琴 | | | 郑 佳 | | | 孟 浩 | |
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| 摘要点击次数: 124 |
| 全文下载次数: 106 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 随着新能源汽车动力电池首批“退役潮”来临，构建规范高效的回收利用体系已成为保障
战略资源安全与推动产业绿色高速发展的关键。系统分析了全球退役锂离子电池（Lithium-Ion
Batteries，LIBs）回收利用现状及中国的发展瓶颈。结果显示，美国、欧盟等主要经济体已构建“立法
强制与经济激励并举”的组合政策，形成了湿法 / 火法冶金、梯次利用等多元技术路线，并通过多种
商业模式推动产业化。中国退役规模与回收产能虽全球领先，但面临政策统筹不足、技术瓶颈突出、
产业协同缺位及国际适配性弱等问题，建议借鉴国际经验，强化顶层设计与全生命周期监管，突破智
能拆解与绿色再生技术瓶颈，全面推动产业规模化整合、国际标准互认与全球布局，支撑 LIBs 产业
高质量可持续发展。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| With the arrival of the first wave of spent power batteries from new energy vehicles, building
an efficient and standardized recycling system has become crucial for ensuring strategic resource security and
promoting green, low-carbon industrial development. This paper systematically analyzes the current global status
of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) recycling and the development bottlenecks faced by China. The results show
that major economies such as the United States and the European Union have established policy frameworks
combining legislative mandates and economic incentives, developed diversified technological routes including
hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy, and echelon use, and promoted industrialization through various business
models. China leads the world in the volume of retired batteries and recycling capacity, yet faces challenges such
as insufficient policy coordination, prominent technological bottlenecks, lack of industrial synergy, and weak
international adaptability. Drawing on international experience, this paper recommends strengthening top-level
design and full-life-cycle supervision, achieving breakthroughs in key technologies such as intelligent disassembly
and green regeneration, and comprehensively promoting large-scale integration, international standard mutual
recognition, and global network layout to support the high-quality and sustainable development of LIBs. |
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