| 吕 昕1 董 敏 2 张 辉 3.欧美国家开放科学发展模式研究及启示[J].中国科技资源导刊,2021,(3):7~16,90 |
| 欧美国家开放科学发展模式研究及启示 |
| On the Development Model of Western Open Science and Its Implications |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 开放科学；科技资源；开放共享；科研数据；科研基础设施 |
| 英文关键词: open science, science and technology resources, opening and sharing, scientific data, research
infrastructures |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目“分布式科技资源体系及服务评价技术研究”课题“多领域异构科技资源模型与标准体系研究”
（2017YFB1400201）。 |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 吕 昕1 董 敏 2 张 辉 3 | （1. 中国科学院自然科学史研究所，北京 100190；2. 北京航空航天大学外国语学院，北京 100191；
3. 北京航空航天大学计算机学院，北京 100191） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在大数据时代，开放科学作为一种重要的科研创新方式而逐渐受到重视。我国出台了相关办法并取得了一
定进展，但也面临着诸多挑战，包括法规政策保障不足、平台建设与基础设施开放不充分以及开放文化和激励机制欠
缺等。欧美国家开放科学起步较早，优势在于立法政策与科研数据标准完整规范，平台建设灵活多样，科研基础设施
开放成效突出，评估标准不断完善，教育培训具有针对性，对我国科技资源开放共享具有借鉴意义。本文研究探讨欧
美国家的开放科学发展模式和实践经验，并结合我国国情，提出推动科技资源开放共享的建议：完善开放共享法规政
策与数据标准、加强平台建设与科研基础设施开放、完善科技资源开放共享评估与教育培训，以期进一步地激发我国
科技创新活力和促进科学成果的增值。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In the big data era, open science, as an important means of innovation in scientific research, is
gradually being attached great importance to. China has enacted related administrative regulations and
advanced in a number of fields, but challenges arise, including the insufficiency of laws and policies, inadequacy
of platform construction and infrastructure opening, and lack of opening culture and incentive mechanisms.
As the pioneers in open science, Europe and the US have the following advantages, such as the complete and
consistent laws, policies and data standards, diverse platforms and effective infrastructure opening, improved
assessment standards and tailored training, which could shed light on the opening and sharing of science
and technology resources in China. After the development model and practical experience in open science
in Europe and the US were explored and grasped, based on the national conditions of China, the following
suggestions were proposed to drive forward the opening and sharing of science and technology resources,
including: establishing and refining the pertinent laws, policies and data standards, enhancing the platformconstructions and infrastructure opening, and improving the assessment and training of scientific resources
opening and sharing, thereby spurring China’s science and technology innovations and generating the added
value of scientific results. |
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