| 陈和平.美国湿地保护和恢复政策综述[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2010,25(1):40~48 |
| 美国湿地保护和恢复政策综述 |
| Overview of Wetland Protection and Restoration Policies in U.S. |
| 投稿时间：2009-07-06 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2010.01.006 |
| 中文关键词: 环境保护；湿地保护；湿地恢复；湿地管理 |
| 英文关键词: environmental protection；wetland protection；wetland restoration；wetland management |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 美国联邦政府湿地管理政策的演变大致可分为三个时期，即湿地开发期、政策转型期和“零净损失”期。这三个时期贯穿整个美国历史，在殖民和国家扩张时期，湿地转换成其他用途的激励导致了湿地的损失。直接鼓励湿地转换的激励机制于20世纪后期结束，随后直接和间接的激励逐渐被取消，保护湿地的政策才渐渐地被公众所接受。随着“零净损失”目标的采纳，保护和恢复湿地的努力也加快了速度。 本文主要介绍美国湿地保护和恢复政策，如湿地其本情况、政府对湿地的管理和几点启示，仅供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| he evolution of U.S. government’s policies for wetland management can be divided in three phases which are wetland development period, policy transferring period, and no-net-loss period, which ran through the U.S. history. During the colonizing and expanding period, the acre of wetland for other purposes resulted in loss of wetland. Direct encouragement for changing wetland into other purpose ended in late 20th century. As direct and indirect encouragement for exploring wetland was fading out, the policies for protection of wetland are gradually accepted by the public. While the goal of no-net-loss is adopted, the effort to protect and restore wetland is strengthened.
The paper presents the overview of U.S. policies for wetland protection and restoration, such as wetland basic situation, the management of wetland by federal government, and some inspiring for reference. |
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