| 顾雁峰.美国联邦实验室的技术转让[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2012,27(11):22~30 |
| 美国联邦实验室的技术转让 |
| R & D activities of the U.S. federal laboratories and its technology transfer |
| 修订日期：2012-03-05 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2012.11.004 |
| 中文关键词: 美国；联邦实验室；技术转让；专利许可 |
| 英文关键词: US；federal laboratories；technology transfer；patent license |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 美国联邦实验室与企业研发机构、高等院校和非盈利私人研究机构，共同构成了美国科研活动的
四大支柱体系。联邦实验室在美国科研体系和科研创新方面的作用举足轻重，同时也是美国政府推动联
邦科研成果转化的生力军，其开展技术转让的情况、经验和做法值得分析和研究。以美国卫生部下属国
立卫生研究院（NIH）为例，其实施技术转让的目的，一是促进技术商业化开发，刺激经济发展；二是确保
政府公共投入的收益和公众的健康福利。实现了技术转让的商业开发目标与服务社会的公益性目的相结
合，将技术转让与基础科研看成是一个良性循环的互动过程。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The scientific research system of the U.S. is supported by the four pillars including the U.S. federal
laboratories, company-sponsored R&D institutions, universities and non-profit private research institutions, which
undertake the main national research tasks. The federal laboratories, as a major force to promote the transformation
of scientific research achievements, play a decisive role in R&D and innovation activities. This paper summarized
federal labs’ activities in technology transfer and its experiences, taking the National Institute of Health (NIH),
subordinated to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, as an example. The implementation of
technology transfer by NIH has not only promoted the economic growth, but also ensured the government’s public
investment returns and the public health and welfare. It is believed that the technology transfer and basic research
can be combined into an interactive process in a virtuous cycle. |
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