| 郭东波.顶层导向与自由探索，相斥还是共生?——英国霍尔丹原则的回望、审视与思考[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2015,30(1):66~70 |
| 顶层导向与自由探索，相斥还是共生?——英国霍尔丹原则的回望、审视与思考 |
| Top-Level Guidance and Curiosity-Driven Research,a Relationship of Water and Fire? —A Thorough Insight into the Haldane Principle |
| 修订日期：2014-12-08 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2015.01.012 |
| 中文关键词: 英国；霍尔丹原则；科研经费分配 |
| 英文关键词: The UK；the Haldane Principle；allocation of research funding |
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| 中文摘要: |
| “霍尔丹原则”作为英国政府科研经费分配所遵循的传统理念，一向被科学界视为神圣而不可侵犯的“金科玉律”，但有关各界对该原则一直存有争议。所谓“霍尔丹原则”，即指资助研究项目的决定权最好由研究者掌握，对其争论的焦点是大学团体和个人研究的动机与目的同政府、企业界和商业界研究需求的差异：政府主张将更多的科研预算资金投入到能使经济发展受益的研究领域，加强知识的转移和成果的转化；反对人士则认为，要保持高质量的基础研究就不可能同时使产业受益。通过对英国“霍尔丹原则”进行回顾、审视与思考，对其实质进行了分析和研究，特别是对联合政府执政以来对“霍尔丹原则”的澄清和诠释进行了介绍，希望能为国内在创新体系顶层设计方面提供启示和借鉴。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As a traditional idea about the allocation of research funding by the British government, the Haldane Principle has been regarded by academic circle as the golden rule which can not be violated at all. The principle is the idea that decisions about what to spend research funds on should be made by researchers rather than politicians. However, in the past several decades, there has been a hot debate about it by the various circles concerned. There is a debate that social good was more important than researchers’ freedom in deciding the direction of research. The government advocates more funds into the fields benefiting the economy development, while the critics argue that it is unpractical to unify the basic science remaining high quality with the applied research oriented to industries interest. Since the coalition government took office, the Haldane Principle has been further clarified and interpreted, which has aroused great concern from both the government and the science community. Such being the case, how should we view the Haldane Principle correctly? The paper gives a thorough review, examination and analysis of the Haldane Principle, in the hope that this would offer some references for the top-level design of innovation systems in China. |
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