| 罗 勇.特朗普政府科技政策前瞻[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2017,32(4):13~19 |
| 特朗普政府科技政策前瞻 |
| Foresight on the Science Policies of Trump’s Administration |
| 投稿时间：2017-04-10 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2017.04.004 |
| 中文关键词: 美国；科技政策；特朗普；白宫科技政策办公室 |
| 英文关键词: US; .science policies; Trump; OSTP |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 特朗普当选总统后，美国政府的科技政策面临重大调整，有可能对美国的科技体制产生一定的影响。本文通过梳理特朗普竞选期间的言论以及相关智库所提交的政策报告，对比了小布什政府和奥巴马政府的科技政策，认为特朗普政府将推行较传统共和党更为保守的科技政策。调整科技决策机制和推迟任命政府有关科技官员等措施显示，科技政策将不会是特朗普政府的施政重点，美国政府的R&D投入会有下降且资助重点和方式将显著不同，这将对美国的国家安全、国土安全相关的科学技术以及新能源、环境保护、生物技术应用以及国际科技合作等领域带来影响。但是，完善的市场经济制度和强大的科技体系能保证美国的科学研究和技术创新不会因任何一届总统的具体科技政策变动而受到破坏性的影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| After Donald Trump was elected president, the US governmental science policy will be faced a major adjustments, which may have a certain impact on the US S&T system. By reviewing the Trump’s campaign speech and related think-tank submitted policy reports, compared to the George W. Bush’s and Barack Obama’s administrative authority science policies, that the Trump’s administration will carry out more conservative than the traditional Republican party’s science policy. Adjusting S&T decision-making mechanism and delaying the appointment its relevant scientific officials show that the science policy will not be the priority of Trump’s administration. The US government R&D investment will decline and funding priorities will significantly different than before, which will impact the S&T development related the national security, homeland security, new energy, environmental protection, application of biotechnology and international S&T cooperation of United States. A well-established market structure and strong S&T system will ensure the S&T innovation in the United States will not be undermined by changes in the specific policies of any administration. |
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