| 赵俊杰.美国联邦资助的研发中心概况[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2018,(10):25~33 |
| 美国联邦资助的研发中心概况 |
| Overview of U.S. Federally Funded Research & Development Centers |
| 投稿时间：2018-09-23 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2018.10.004 |
| 中文关键词: 美国；国立研发机构；美国联邦资助的研发中心；FFRDCs；国家实验室；GOCO管理模式 |
| 英文关键词: U.S.; National R&D Institute; Federally Funded Research & Development Centers; FFRDCs; National Laboratory; Government-Owned, Contractor-Operated(GOCO) model |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 美国联邦资助的研发中心（FFRDCs）是一类特殊的研发机构，它由政府拥有，但由大学、其他非营利机构和企业等承包商来进行管理。FFRDCs的绝大部分经费来自联邦政府机构，且主要开展那些通常由政府直属研究机构或私营部门无法有效完成的长期研发工作。本文对美国FFRDCs的使命、特点、研发经费、管理模式及其面临的问题与挑战进行了分析，以期对我国国立研发机构的管理与改革起到一定的借鉴作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Federally Funded R&D Centers (FFRDCs) are a special class of research institutions in the United States. They are owned by the federal government, but operated by contractors, including universities, other non-profit organizations, and industrial firms. Most of their funding comes from federal agencies and they are intended to carry out long-term R&D work which is usually not effectively completed by the government-affiliated research institutes or the private sectors. This paper analyzes the mission, characteristics, R&D expenditure, management mode, problems and challenges of FFRDCs in the United States, with a view to providing some reference for the management and reform of national R&D institutions in China. |
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