| 张玉娇,张一粟,田德录,刘 云.年龄分层视角下的我国科技领军人才
与诺贝尔奖获得者比较研究[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2022,(8):66~76 |
| 年龄分层视角下的我国科技领军人才
与诺贝尔奖获得者比较研究 |
| A Comparative Study of China's Leading Science and Technology Talents and Nobel Laureates From the Perspective of Age Stratification |
| 投稿时间：2022-07-15 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2022.08.010 |
| 中文关键词: 中国科学院院士；中国工程院院士；诺贝尔奖获得者；年龄分层 |
| 英文关键词: CAS academicians; CAE academicians; Nobel laureates; age stratification |
| 基金项目:国家社科基金重大项目“以创新能力、质量、实效、贡献为导向的科技人才评价体系研究”（21ZDA016）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 把握我国科技领军人才的年龄特征有助于优化我国科技人才队伍结构。本文选择以院士为代表的科技领军人才为研究对象，通过比较分析 2001—2021年我国两院院士与诺贝尔三大科学奖获得者当选年龄的结构特征，发现三者年龄分布都符合高斯分布，且中国科学院院士平均当选年龄最小，中国工程院次之，诺贝尔奖获得者年龄最大。本文统计发现 2000年前后中国两院院士年龄与诺贝尔奖获得者平均年龄发生倒转，诺贝尔奖获得者年龄呈增长趋势，中国两院院士年龄呈年轻趋势，反映出新时期科研规律的变化。本文最后根据研究发现对以院士为代表的科技领军人才的遴选和评价政策提出了意见建议。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Grasping the age characteristics of China’s leading scientific and technological talents can help optimize the structure of China’s scientific and technological talent team. In this paper, by comparing and analyzing the structural characteristics of the elected ages of Chinese members of CAS and CAE academies with Nobel laureates of the three major science prizes from 2001 to 2021, it is found that the age distribution of all three is consistent with Gaussian distribution, and the average elected age of CAS members is the smallest, which of CAE is the second, and the age of Nobel laureates is the eldest. The statistics of this paper found that the age of Chinese academicians of both academies and the average age of Nobel laureates reversed around 2000: the age of Nobel laureates showed an increasing trend, while the age of Chinese academicians of both academies showed a decreasing trend, reflecting the changes of scientific research laws in the new period. The paper concludes with suggestions on the selection and evaluation policies of leading scientific and technological talents represented by academicians based on the research findings. |
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