| 冯晶晶,芮明杰,李 辉.美国“关键矿产”的安全战略及启示[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2023,(8):33~42 |
| 美国“关键矿产”的安全战略及启示 |
| U.S. “Critical Minerals” Security Strategy and Implications |
| 投稿时间：2023-06-03 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2023.08.005 |
| 中文关键词: 关键矿产；矿产政策；供应链安全；产业发展；新兴技术 |
| 英文关键词: critical minerals; mineral policy; supply chain security; industrial development; emergingtechnologies |
| 基金项目:国家社科基金重大研究项目子课题“美国对华科技战制度设计的科学学逻辑研究”（22VMG039）；上海市科技创新行动计 划软科学研究项目“美国新兴科技的外交战略及上海的应对举措研究”（23692116900） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 矿产资源已成为国家安全的保障与地缘政治博弈的工具。近年来，美国重视新兴产业与国防
安全，因此其在国家安全战略中越来越关注关键矿产的安全性。特朗普政府和拜登政府均出台了一系
列鼓励开采与加工技术发展的矿产资源政策，定期审查并更新《关键矿产清单》。出于对未来新能源
产业的布局和矿产资源供应安全的考量，《2022 年关键矿产清单》中新增加了镍和锌两种矿产。重点
分析了从特朗普政府到拜登政府的矿产资源政策演变规律，挖掘了美国制定《关键矿产清单》的考量
因素。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Mineral resources have become a guarantee of national security and a tool for geopolitical gaming.
In recent years, the U.S. has attached great importance to emerging industries and national defense security, and
has further reinforced the importance of critical minerals in its national security strategy. The Trump and Biden
administrations have introduced a series of policies on mineral resource which encourage the development of
extraction and processing technologies. Besides, the List of Critical Minerals is required to be reviewed and
updated regularly. The addition of nickel and zinc to the 2022 Critical Minerals List is due to the future layout
of the new energy industry and the security of mineral resources supply. This paper focuses on the evolution of
mineral resources policy from the Trump administration to the Biden administration, and explores the indicators
behind the U.S. List of Critical Minerals. |
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