| 邹 芸,钟 恒,李 万.美国国防部高级研究计划局实施有组织科研与创新实践的经验启示[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2024,(10):1~11 |
| 美国国防部高级研究计划局实施有组织科研与创新实践的经验启示 |
| Insights from the Implementation of Organized Research and Innovation Practices by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency in the United States |
| 投稿时间：2024-07-11 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2024.10.001 |
| 中文关键词: 美国；国防部高级研究计划局；颠覆性技术；创新生态；“项目关联”研发模式 |
| 英文关键词: the United States; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; disruptive technology; innovation ecology; project association R&D model |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 223 |
| 全文下载次数: 211 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 颠覆性技术是催生新产业、新模式、新动能，发展新质生产力的重要突破口。对美国国防部高
级研究计划局（Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency，DARPA）的组织架构、运行机制、创新
模式和最新研究动态深入阐释和分析。DARPA 通过资助竞合的多学科交叉团队，催生出新的技术团
队和学术领域，为新技术转移到军方和民用公司储备了重要力量。此外，DARPA 能够有效利用美国国
家科学基金会（NSF）资助产生的新知识和相关科研人员帮助其实现特定的技术目标，采用“项目关联”
的研发模式，提升了资源利用效率的同时缩短了研发周期。研究借鉴其灵活的项目管理模式和跨学科
合作机制，更好地组织和管理科技创新项目，提高研发效率和成果转化能力，推动科技事业迈向更高
水平。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Disruptive technology is an important breakthrough for generating new industries, new models,
and new forms of kinetic energy, as well as developing high-quality productivity. This paper provides an
insightful interpretation and analysis of DARPA’s organizational structure, operation mechanism, innovation
model and recent study trends. Noteworthy is DARPA’s clarification of elements such as the demand side and
application scenarios when selecting project topics, and its spawning of new technical teams and academic fields
by funding competing multidisciplinary teams, reserving an important force for the transfer of new technologies
to the military and civilian companies. In addition, DARPA effectively utilizes the new knowledge and related
researchers generated by National Science Foundation (NSF) funding to achieve specific technical goals, adopting
a project association R&D model, which improves resource utilization efficiency and shortens the R&D cycle.
By learning from its flexible project management model and interdisciplinary cooperation mechanism, China can
better organize and manage scientific and technological innovation projects, improve R&D efficiency, and the
capability to commercialize research outcomes, thereby promoting its science and technology to a higher level. |
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