| 黄雁宁,赵筱媛,程劲滔,袁 林.澳大利亚国家关键技术清单的组织过程、主要方法和应用成效研究[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2024,(10):59~67 |
| 澳大利亚国家关键技术清单的组织过程、主要方法和应用成效研究 |
| Organisational Process, Main Approaches and Application Effectiveness of Australia’s National Critical Technology List |
| 投稿时间：2024-08-03 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2024.10.007 |
| 中文关键词: 澳大利亚；科技政策；国家关键技术清单；组织方法 |
| 英文关键词: Australia; science and technology policy; national critical technology list; process and approaches |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目“颠覆性技术感知响应平台研发与应用示范”（2019YFA0707200）；中国科学技术信息研究所创新研究基金面上项目“主要国家关键和新兴技术清单的制定与组织机制研究”（MS2024-08）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 国家关键技术清单为国家技术发展的方向布局提供了决策参考，是保障国家安全的重要工具。
近年来，多国纷纷制定国家层面的关键技术清单以提升国家科技竞争力，保障国家安全。以澳大利亚政
府 2021 年出台、2023 年更新的《符合国家利益的关键技术清单》为研究对象，分阶段分析了国家关键
技术清单的制定组织过程、基本流程、主要方法以及后续应用成效，可以发现，该清单的制定是由专职
机构负责，既充分运用了技术扫描、计量评估等技术工具，又广泛借助了公众咨询、专家磋商等专家智
慧的经验方法。对澳大利亚经验的研究可以为中国国家关键技术清单的制定提供参考借鉴。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The national critical technology list provides decision-making references for the direction and layout
of national technological development and is an important tool for safeguarding national security. In recent years,
many countries have been formulating national-level critical technology lists to enhance their national scientific
and technological competitiveness and to ensure national security. This paper takes the Australian government’s
List of Critical Technologies in the National Interest, which was introduced in 2021 and updated in 2023, as the
research subject. The paper analyzes the organization process, basic procedures, main methods, and application
effectiveness of the national critical technology list in a phased manner. The research findings indicate that the
formulation of the list is the responsibility of a dedicated agency, which not only makes full use of technical tools
such as technology scanning and quantitative assessment but also widely relies on expert wisdom through public
consultation and expert deliberation. Based on the study of Australia’s experience, this paper provides reference
and insights for the formulation of China’s national critical technology list. |
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