| 韩秋明.美国数据跨境流动管理的政策与实践[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2025,(1):60~67 |
| 美国数据跨境流动管理的政策与实践 |
| U.S. Policies and Practices in Managing Cross-Border Data Flows |
| 投稿时间：2023-09-07 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2025.01.008 |
| 中文关键词: 数据跨境流动；跨境数据传输；全球数据安全倡议 |
| 英文关键词: Cross-Border Data Flow; Cross-Border Data Transfer; Global Initiative on Data Security |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 数据跨境流动（Cross-border Data Flow）被认为是 21 世纪全球化的标志和连接全球经济的
枢纽。梳理美国近年来在数据跨境方面的主要举措，发现美国正在实施数据跨境流动的“双重标准”。
一方面，美国对其盟友主张数据跨境自由流动，不仅在与欧盟谈判和修订相关政策框架时主动做出
让步，适应对方要求，同时强化在多国联盟塑造数据跨境流动体系，争夺主导权；另一方面，美国在对
中国的数据跨境流动政策中明显以限制和排斥为主，出台政策限制或对中国科技企业进行审查。中国
应充分利用现有政策资源和数字经济优势，积极主动着手应对，包括坚持推广《全球数据安全倡议》、
完善跨境数据流动机制、积极探索更高水平数据跨境流动规则等。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Cross-Border Data Flow is considered a symbol of globalization in the 21st century and a hub
connecting the global economy. By reviewing the major initiatives taken by the United States in recent years
regarding Cross-Border Data Flows, this paper finds that the United States is implementing a “double standard”
on cross-border data flows. On the one hand, the United States advocates the free flow of data across borders to
its allies. Not only has the United States made concessions to adapt to E.U. requirements when negotiating with
the E.U. and revising relevant policy frameworks, but it has also strengthened its efforts to shape a Cross-Border
Data Flow system in a multinational alliance to compete for dominance. On the other hand, the United States on
Cross-Border Data Flows with China are clearly based on restriction and exclusion, formulating policies to restrict
or censor Chinese technology companies. This paper points out that China should make full use of existing policy
resources and digital economy advantages, and actively take the initiative to respond, including adhering to the
promotion of the Global Data Security Initiative, improving the Cross-Border Data Flow mechanism, and actively
exploring higher-level Cross-Border Data Flow rules. |
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