| 陈双凯.基于 2014—2025 财年预算的 DARPA 核重点领域分析及对中国的启示[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2025,40(8):8~14 |
| 基于 2014—2025 财年预算的 DARPA 核重点领域分析及对中国的启示 |
| DARPA’s Nuclear Technology Priorities: An Analysis Based on the 2014–2025 Fiscal Year Budgets and Implications for China |
| 投稿时间：2025-04-23 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 美国；DARPA；核科技；战略布局；预算分析；国家安全 |
| 英文关键词: the United States; DARPA; nuclear technology; strategic layout; budget analysis; national security |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 23 |
| 全文下载次数: 21 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 以美国国防高级研究计划局（Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency，DARPA）2014—
2025 财年核科技领域预算为核心数据，旨在揭示其核科技战略布局与技术发展趋势，为中国核科技
发展提供参考。采用“预算强度阈值 - 战略目标匹配 - 技术颠覆性潜力”三重筛选标准，结合美国国
家安全战略文件与技术成果，系统分析 DARPA 的核科技资助方向、经费分配及项目周期特征。结果
表明，DARPA 聚焦核热推进、放射性同位素能源、中子源检测和核威胁响应四大核心领域，通过“长
期高投入项目 + 短期验证项目”的组合，构建“预算驱动战略、技术牵引场景”的双向体系；其技术路
径呈现全链条覆盖的特征，未来将聚焦核热推进深空实用化等方向，但面临核燃料安全性等挑战。中
国需构建“战略 - 创新 - 体系”融合发展范式，强化军民协同与全域核安全屏障，前瞻布局深空核科
技竞争制高点。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This paper takes the budget of the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)
in the field of nuclear technology from fiscal year 2014 to 2025 as the core data, aiming to reveal its strategic
layout and technological development trends of nuclear technology, and provide references for China’s nuclear
technology development. Using a tripartite screening framework-budget intensity threshold, strategic goal
alignment, and technological disruptive potential-and combining U.S. national security strategy documents and
technical achievements, the study systematically analyzes the funding directions, budget allocation, and project
cycle characteristics of DARPA’s nuclear technology. The results show that DARPA has identified four core areas,
Nuclear Thermal Propulsion (NTP), radioisotope energy, neutron source detection, and nuclear threat response. It
has built a two-way system of “budget-driven strategy and technology-enabled scenarios” through the combination
of “long-term high-investment projects and short-term verification projects”. Its technological path features “fullchain coverage”, and future development will focus on the deep-space practical application of NTP, while facing
challenges such as nuclear fuel safety. For China, it is necessary to build an integrated development paradigm of
“strategy-innovation-system”, strengthen civil-military collaboration and a global nuclear security barrier, and
proactively deploy the commanding heights of deep-space nuclear technology competition. |
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