| 蔺 洁,王 婷,宋 楠,眭纪刚,冯 泽.主要国家人工智能基础设施建设政策动向与进展[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2026,41(1):9~17 |
| 主要国家人工智能基础设施建设政策动向与进展 |
| Policy Trends and Progress of Artificial Intelligence Infrastructure Construction in Major Countries |
| 投稿时间：2025-11-16 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2026.01.002 |
| 中文关键词: 人工智能；基础设施；算力；数据中心 |
| 英文关键词: Artificial Intelligence; Infrastructure; Computing Power; Data Centers |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目“以重大科技基础设施为核心的基础研究体系形成机理、实现路径及政策研究”（72274190）；国家社科基金重大项目“新一轮全球科技革命和产业变革趋势及对我国影响研究”（24&ZD051）。 |
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| 摘要点击次数: 26 |
| 全文下载次数: 35 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 人工智能基础设施（Artificial Intelligence Infrastructure，AII）是涵盖硬件设施、网络与存
储资源、算法与平台、数据与模型资源的综合体系，是支撑人工智能模型开发、训练与部署的底层体
系。在梳理 AII 概念的基础上，系统梳理美国、英国、德国和日本AII 建设的政策动向与企业实践。
研究发现，主要国家普遍强化国家战略统筹，重视算力建设与能源体系耦合，加快科研型AII 发展，
并通过企业力量的深度介入推动形成多元主体协同发展。进一步提出构建国家统筹引领的基础设施
体系，建设自主可控和绿色高效的算力网络，发展科研型AII 以及构建开放协同生态等政策启示，为
中国AII 建设提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Artificial intelligence (AI) infrastructure constitutes a comprehensive system encompassing
hardware facilities, network and storage resources, algorithms and platforms, as well as data and model resources.
It serves as the foundational framework supporting AI model development, training, and deployment. Building
upon a conceptual analysis of AI infrastructure, this study systematically examines policy trends and corporate
practices in AI infrastructure development across the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Japan. The
research reveals that major nations have strengthened national strategic coordination, prioritized the integration
of computing power with energy systems, accelerated the development of research-oriented AI infrastructure,
and fostered collaborative development through deep corporate involvement. Furthermore, the study proposes
policy recommendations including establishing a state-led infrastructure system, building autonomous and green
computing networks, advancing research-oriented AI infrastructure, and creating open collaborative ecosystems.
These insights provide valuable references for China’s AI infrastructure development. |
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