| 谷峻战.英国和德国可再生能源产业激励政策和实施效果的比较[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2014,29(8):59~65 |
| 英国和德国可再生能源产业激励政策和实施效果的比较 |
| Comparative Analysis of Renewable Energy Deployment and Related Policies and the Resulting Effects inUnited Kingdom and Germany |
| 修订日期：2014-08-07 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2014.08.009 |
| 中文关键词: 英国；德国；可再生能源产业；可再生能源政策 |
| 英文关键词: United Kingdom；Germany；renewable energy industry；renewable energy policy |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 英国和德国都是国际上控制气候变化和开发可替代能源的积极倡导者，但目前，两国在可再生能源的开发和利用方面存在较大的差距：截至 2012 年，英国和德国可再生能源在最终能源消费中的占比分别为 4.1% 和 12.6%；可再生能源的总装机容量分别为 15 538 和 76 017 MW。究其原因，主要是由两国不同的能源政策造成的，英国采取的是类似配额制的可再生能源义务令制度，而德国采用的是固定上网电价机制。事实证明，德国的入网电价体系优于英国的可再生能源义务令，因为它在一定时期内能为可再生能源发电商提供稳定的回报。英国尽管在可再生能源的开发和利用方面落后于德国，但英国自然条件优越，开发利用可再生能源的潜力巨大，加上政府的积极努力，英国可再生能源产业的发展有望得到较大改观。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Both United Kingdom and Germany are keen advocates of mitigating dangerous climate change and developing alternative energy. But there exists a large gap in deploying renewables between two nations. Up to 2012, the renewable energy makes up 4.1 percent of the final energy consumption in the UK, and 12.6% in Germany. The installed total capacity of renewable reaches 15 538 MW in the UK, and 76 017 MW in Germany,
respectively. This is due to a number of factors including the different energy policy tools implemented by the two governments. Numerous practices has proved that Germany’s Feed-in Tariff system is superior to Britain’s Renewables Obligation, because it can offer stable profit return to the renewable generation company over a long period. Although Britain is lagging behind Germany by such a large margin in deploying renewables, it has the great potential to develop renewables and is catching up quickly by the support of British government. |
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