| 付克飞.科学慈善事业——美国科技发展的助推器[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2015,30(2):9~17 |
| 科学慈善事业——美国科技发展的助推器 |
| An Overview of Science Philanthropy in the United States |
| 投稿时间：2014-12-13 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2015.02.003 |
| 中文关键词: 美国；科学慈善事业；慈善基金 |
| 英文关键词: the United States；science philanthropy；philanthropy funds |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2653 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 科学慈善事业在美国科技发展的历史上发挥了并继续发挥着独特的、无可替代的重要作用，虽然目前尚未被正确认识和评价。美国科学慈善基金主要来源于专业的基金会和慈善家个人，资助那些对政府来说风险过高、争议过大的科研项目，包括基础研究和转化研究，其主要捐助领域有生命健康和卫生医药以及环保、物理、海洋等。美国科学慈善资金的最大特点之一在于比联邦资更自由。经过.30.年改革开放，我国已初步具备了发展科学慈善事业的物质基础和思想基础。通过回顾美国科学慈善事业的历史，整理和分析其发展现状及美国对此的相关政策及其社会影响和评价，期望对我国发展科学慈善事业有所借鉴。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Science philanthropy has played and continues to play a significant role in promoting the United States’ science and technology development, which was largely ignored and underestimated. Science philanthropy funds are mainly from private philanthropists and professional foundations which are inclined to support the controversial projects with high risk, including the basic and translational researches in the fields of public health, medical treatment, environment protection, physics and marine sciences. After deploying the reform and opening up policy for more than 30 years, China has consolidated a basis for science philanthropy from both material and spiritual aspects. This article reviews the history of science philanthropy in US, examines the ongoing development of the science philanthropy, analyzes the related policies and objectives, and evaluates the science philanthropy from an all-round perspective. Finally, this article is concluded by analyzing the deep-rooted reasons for the success of American science philanthropy and leaves room for readers to think and learn from USA. |
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